Abstract

The hunter-gatherer theory (M. Eals and I. Silverman, 1994) predicts that females should have better incidental memory for objects and locations than males. This study tested this prediction with 3-6 yr olds (Exp 1) and adults (Exp 2). In Exp 1, 80 children were asked to recognize 18 gender-stereotyped toys which they had previously seen in a playroom for 2 min. In Exp 2, 40 adults were asked to recall the identity and location of 30 gender-stereotyped objects which they had previously seen in an office for 2 min. Analyses in both studies indicated that females and males remembered more toys or objects congruent with their own sex but that there was no overall advantage for females. Implications for the hunter-gatherer theory, gender schema theory, and our understanding of the development of incidental memory are discussed.

 

Cherney, I.D., & Ryalls, B. O. (1999). Gender-linked differences in the incidental memory of children and adults. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 72 (4), 305-328.